Al Hudaibiyyah Mosque

• The Location of the Treaty:

Masjid al-Hudaibiyah (also known today as Masjid al-Shumaisi) marks the exact historical location where the landmark Treaty of Hudaibiyah (Sulh al-Hudaibiyah) was signed in 6 AH (628 CE) between Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) and the pagan Quraysh elite.

• The Scene of the Pledge of Ridwan:

Beneath an acacia tree at this very spot, 1,400 to 1,500 companions placed their hands over the Prophet's (ﷺ) hand, swearing an absolute oath of allegiance to fight to the death.

This happened after false rumors circulated that Uthman ibn Affan (رضي الله عنه) had been assassinated inside Makkah while serving as an envoy.

• A "Clear Victory" Declared by Allah:

Though the treaty's physical terms originally seemed humiliating to some companions

—such as delaying their Umrah and returning to Madinah

—Allah revealed the opening of Surah Al-Fath right after leaving the valley, proclaiming the peace treaty to be a Fath Mubin (Clear Victory).

The truce allowed Islam to spread rapidly in times of peace, directly paving the way for the bloodless conquest of Makkah two years later.

• The Site of a Grand Prophetic Miracle:

Hudaibiyah was the location of a famous water miracle. Faced with a completely dried-out well and an army crying out from intense thirst, the Prophet (ﷺ) rinsed his mouth into the well and supplicated, causing water to gush forth until the entire army and all their animals were satisfied.

• Modern Legal Function as a Miqat:

Beyond its historical status, the location serves an active legal purpose in Islamic jurisprudence today.

It sits right on the boundary line of Adna al-Hill (the nearest edge outside the sacred sanctuary).

For residents or pilgrims already inside Makkah who wish to make a subsequent or secondary Umrah, it acts as a valid Miqat to enter the state of Ihram before traveling back to the Kaaba.

• The Trees of Allegiance:

Scholars point out an important lesson in preventing polytheistic innovations (Bida').

During the Caliphate of Umar ibn al-Khattab (رضي الله عنه), he noticed that some Muslims began traveling to Hudaibiyah specifically to seek blessings (Tabarruk) from the tree where the pledge took place.

Fearing this would degenerate into idol worship, Umar ordered the tree to be cut down, setting a legal precedent that physical landmarks are preserved for historical reflection, not spiritual veneration.

• The Miqat Demarcation Rule:

Authoritative fatwas reiterate that if a person is traveling from Jeddah toward Makkah to perform Umrah, Hudaibiyah sits on their path.

If they pass it without entering into the state of Ihram despite having the intention, they must physically travel back out to the boundary line to make amends, or else offer a sacrificial sheep in Makkah to rectify their error.

• Preserving the Ruins:

The site features two structural elements:

the ruins of the older, stone Abbasid-era mosque built near the well, and the modern, active mosque complex functioning right beside it for modern pilgrims.

Definitive Hadith and Reference Links

The detailed operational events of the caravan setting out, the she-camel Al-Qaswa' refusing to move, and the water miracle are captured across the canonical books on Sunnah.com:

• The Comprehensive Treaty Context:

The long, primary narration containing the complete political negotiations with Suhail ibn Amr and the caravan's arrival at the valley is found in Sahih al-Bukhari 2731, 2732

(The Book of Conditions / كتاب الشروط).

• The Prophetic Well Miracle:

The eyewitness testimony of the companions drawing endless water from the dry pit after the Prophet (ﷺ) blessed it is indexed under Sahih al-Bukhari 3577

(The Book of Virtues and Merits / كتاب المناقب).

• The Virtue of the Companions:

The declaration protecting those who stood at Hudaibiyah from the fires of hell is highlighted in the collections on Daily Hadith Online (Hudaybiyyah),

mapping back to the Prophet’s words:

"None of the companions who gave the pledge of allegiance under the tree at Hudaybiyyah will enter the Hellfire."